Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 2.198
Filter
1.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(1)feb. 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528825

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This review article will present an overview of biological profiles in forensic utilities. The biological profile of the skull in the existing literature can help to identify humans, especially if the condition of the victim found is a result of mutilation or a bomb explosion. When it comes to the precision of identifying skeletal remains, the human skull is frequently cited as being first in the estimation of age and ancestry and second in terms of sex and stature. It can be an alternative to assessing the following biological parameters: sex, age, stature, and ancestry. The implementation of biological profiles in the identification process is very important considering that some cases require the assistance of forensic anthropology. This review article shows the importance of the value of skulls. The method that can be applied is craniometry which can be used to determine sex, age, stature, and estimated ancestry. Different results will occur depending on the completeness of the skull. Therefore, estimation formulas have different accurate results. Discriminant function analysis has been performed on various measurement sets and its discriminant power has been validated by many researchers. Geometric morphometric analysis has become the main tool for shape analysis and many attempts have been made to use it in analyzing skulls. Several methods supported by technology have also been developed. It is hoped that the review article will show significant differences in results between studies in Thailand and Indonesia, even though they are in the same racial group.


Este artículo presenta una descripción general de los perfiles biológicos en las utilidades forenses. El perfil biológico del cráneo en la literatura existente puede ayudar a identificar a los humanos, especialmente si la condición en la que se encuentra la víctima es el resultado de una mutilación o la explosión de una bomba. Cuando se trata de la precisión en la identificación de restos óseos, el cráneo humano se cita con frecuencia como el primero en la estimación de edad y ascendencia y el segundo en términos de sexo y estatura. Puede ser una alternativa para evaluar los siguientes parámetros biológicos: sexo, edad, estatura y ascendencia. La implementación de perfiles biológicos en el proceso de identificación es importante considerando que algunos casos requieren la asistencia de la antropología forense. Este artículo de revisión muestra la importancia del valor de las cnezas óseas. El método que se puede aplicar es la craneometría para determinar el sexo, la edad, la estatura y la ascendencia estimada. Se pueden obtener diferentes resultados dependiendo de la integridad del cráneo. Por lo tanto, las fórmulas de estimación tienen resultados precisos diferentes. Se ha realizado un análisis de función discriminante en varios conjuntos de medidas y muchos investigadores han validado su poder discriminante. El análisis a través de la morfometría geométrica se ha convertido en la principal herramienta para el análisis de formas y se ha utilizado frecuentemente en el análisis de cráneos. También se han desarrollado varios métodos apoyados en la tecnología. Se espera que este trabajo muestre diferencias significativas en los resultados entre los estudios realizados en Tailandia e Indonesia, aunque pertenezcan al mismo grupo racial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skull/anatomy & histology , Age Determination by Skeleton , Sex Determination by Skeleton , Pedigree , Thailand , Body Height , Indonesia
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(1): 93-97, feb. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528840

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Height and body weight measurements are among the most important anthropometric variables when assessing a population's growth, development and body composition. This study aimed to evaluate the height and body weight variability of male entities aged 17-18 years within 35 years. This goal was realized by comparing the height and body weight of the population of the same gender and age in three different time studies. The descriptive statistical parameters and T-test for independent groups show systematic and significant differences in measured variables between three measurements in different timelines. Both in body height and body weight, from measurement to measurement, significant systematic and statistically significant differences (p<0.01) have been identified (1985: BH= 172.8cm, BW= 61.7kg; 2004: BH=176.8 cm, BW=66.9 kg; 2019: BH=178.5 cm, BW=72 kg). The results of this study prove that the change in the socio-economic status of a population over a period time of 35 years can significantly affect the growth and development of children/adolescents.


Las medidas de altura y peso corporal se encuentran entre las variables antropométricas más importantes a la hora de evaluar el crecimiento, el desarrollo y la composición corporal de una población. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la variabilidad de la altura y el peso corporal de entidades masculinas de 17 a 18 años dentro de 35 años. Este objetivo se logró comparando la altura y el peso corporal de la población del mismo sexo y edad en tres estudios temporales diferentes. Los parámetros estadísticos descriptivos y la prueba T para grupos independientes muestran diferencias sistemáticas y significativas en las variables medidas entre tres mediciones en diferentes líneas de tiempo. Tanto en la altura como en el peso corporal, de medición en medición, se han identificado diferencias significativas sistemáticas y estadísticamente significativas (p<0,01) (1985: BH= 172,8 cm, BW= 61,7 kg; 2004: BH=176,8 cm, BW=66,9 kg; 2019: BH=178,5 cm, BW=72 kg). Los resultados de este estudio demuestran que el cambio en el estatus socioeconómico de una población durante un período de 35 años puede afectar significativamente el crecimiento y desarrollo de niños/ adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Body Height , Body Weight , Anthropometry , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Kosovo , Social Status
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(5): 1411-1420, oct. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521016

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This study aims to assess the nutritional status of Aymara and non-Aymara children in Arica, comparing anthropometric measurements of boys and girls aged 4-10 to inform interventions for child health and development. We conducted a non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional study in Arica, Chile. The sample included 458 children, with equal representation of Aymara and non-Aymara children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Trained research assistants collected anthropometric data using standardized techniques. IBM SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis, including Student's t-test and the Levene test. Both Aymara and non-Aymara children showed high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Boys had a meso-endomorph somatotype, while girls had an endomorph somatotype. Among 8-year-olds, non-Aymara children had a slightly higher mean body weight (35.87, SD 4.50) compared to Aymara children (32.27, SD 4.31), but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, 10-year-old Aymara girls had a significantly higher mean body mass index (22.34, SD 4.21) than non-Aymara girls (20.10, SD 3.58) (p=0.05). Regarding body fat percentage, 10-year- old non-Aymara girls had a slightly higher mean (31.01, SD 5.64) than Aymara girls (26.12, SD 5.63), but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The study found high levels of overweight and obesity in children from northern Chile, increasing with age for both Aymara and non-Aymara groups. The somatotype patterns were consistent across both groups. Although the differences between Aymara and non-Aymara children were not statistically significant, the Aymara group showed slightly higher levels of overweight and obesity. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm these results and identify potential trends. Efforts should focus on promoting healthy nutrition and physical activity to address the growing problem of overweight and obesity in this region.


Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el estado nutricional de los niños Aymaras y no Aymaras en Arica, comparando las medidas antropométricas de niños y niñas de 4 a 10 años para informar las intervenciones para la salud y el desarrollo infantil. Realizamos un estudio no experimental, cuantitativo, de corte transversal en Arica, Chile. La muestra incluyó a 458 niños, con igual representación de niños Aymaras y no Aymaras de diversos estratos socioeconómicos. Asistentes de investigación capacitados recolectaron datos antropométricos utilizando técnicas estandarizadas. Se utilizó el software estadístico IBM SPSS para el análisis de datos, incluyendo la prueba t de Student y la prueba de Levene. Tanto los niños Aymaras como los no Aymaras presentaron una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad. Los niños tenían un somatotipo meso-endomorfo, mientras que las niñas tenían un somatotipo endomorfo. Entre los niños de 8 años, los niños no Aymaras tenían un peso corporal medio ligeramente superior (35,87, DE 4,50) en comparación con los niños Aymaras (32,27, DE 4,31), pero la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (p>0,05). Sin embargo, las niñas Aymaras de 10 años tenían un índice de masa corporal medio significativamente mayor (22,34, SD 4,21) que las niñas no Aymaras (20,10, SD 3,58) (p=0,05). En cuanto al porcentaje de grasa corporal, las niñas no Aymaras de 10 años tuvieron una media ligeramente superior (31,01, DE 5,64) que las niñas Aymaras (26,12, DE 5,63), pero la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (p>0,05). El estudio encontró altos niveles de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños del norte de Chile, aumentando con la edad tanto para los grupos Aymaras como para los no Aymaras. Los patrones de somatotipo fueron consistentes en ambos grupos. Aunque las diferencias entre los niños Aymaras y no Aymaras no fueron estadísticamente significativas, el grupo Aymara mostró niveles ligeramente más altos de sobrepeso y obesidad. Se necesita más investigación con un tamaño de muestra más grande para confirmar estos resultados e identificar tendencias potenciales. Los esfuerzos deben centrarse en promover una nutrición saludable y la actividad física para abordar el creciente problema del sobrepeso y la obesidad en esta región.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Body Composition , Indians, South American , Anthropometry , Somatotypes , Body Height , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Chile , Adipose Tissue , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies , Overweight , Obesity
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(4): 1203-1208, ago. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514327

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The aim of the article is to determine the differences in morphological characteristics and jumping abilities between female volleyball players who play for different national teams. The sample consists of 48 elite female volleyball players from four different national teams which participated in European championship qualifications. The variables studied were: body height, mass, body mass index, standing reach and spike reach. The results show differences in body mass index, standing reach and spike reach. These differences are related to the needs of the different positions with regard to the actions they execute. In conclusion morphological parameters are important components of performance in many sports (volleyball). Different sports disciplines require different body parameters and body structure for maximum performance.


El objetivo del artículo fue determinar las diferencias en las características morfológicas y habilidades de salto entre las jugadoras de voleibol que juegan en diferentes selecciones nacionales. La muestra consta de 48 jugadoras de voleibol de élite de cuatro equipos nacionales diferentes que participaron en las clasificaciones del campeonato europeo. Las variables estudiadas fueron: altura corporal, masa, índice de masa corporal, alcance de pie y alcance de remate. Los resultados muestran diferencias en el índice de masa corporal, el alcance de pie y el alcance de punta. Estas diferencias están relacionadas con las necesidades de los distintos cargos en cuanto a las acciones que ejecutan. En conclusión, los parámetros morfológicos son componentes importantes del rendimiento en muchos deportes (voleibol). Las diferentes disciplinas deportivas requieren diferentes parámetros corporales y estructuras corporales para un rendimiento máximo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Volleyball , Body Height , Body Mass Index , Athletic Performance
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 121(4): e202202753, ago. 2023. graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1442571

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los pequeños para la edad gestacional (PEG) suelen tener una talla final 1 DE bajo la media. Se diferencian tres grupos según antropometría al nacimiento: de peso reducido (PRN), de longitud reducida (LRN) o ambos. Objetivos. Describir las características de los pacientes PEG atendidos en el Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica de un hospital de tercer nivel, y analizar la evolución de niños PEG sin crecimiento recuperador a los 4 años de edad, en tratamiento con hormona del crecimiento (GH), según su diagnóstico. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes PEG atendidos desde 2004 hasta 2021. Resultados. Se estudiaron 89 PEG; 44/89 iniciaron tratamiento con GH (11/44 PRN, 8/44 LRN y 25/44 ambos). La edad media al diagnóstico fue de 3,87 años; la talla media al inicio del tratamiento fue de -2,99 DE en los PEG diagnosticados por PRN, -2,85 DE en aquellos diagnosticados por LRN y -3,17 DE en los diagnosticados por bajo PRN y LRN. La talla final fue de -1,77, -1,52 y -1,23 DE, respectivamente, lo que supone una ganancia total de 1,22, 1,33 y 1,93 DE, respectivamente, alcanzando así su talla diana con una diferencia de 0,36 ± 0,08 DE. Conclusión. Menos de la mitad de los PEG derivados a la consulta precisaron tratamiento con GH, por no tener la edad de 4 años aún, o haber completado el crecimiento recuperador. Aquellos pacientes PEG según peso y longitud al nacimiento presentaron percentiles peores al diagnóstico y una mayor respuesta a GH.


Introduction. Small for gestational age (SGA) children usually have a final height of 1 SD below the mean. Three groups are established based on anthropometric characteristics at birth: low birth weight (LBW), short birth length (SBL), or both. Objectives. To describe the characteristics of SGA patients seen at the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology of a tertiary care hospital and to analyze the course of SGA children without catch-up growth at 4 years of age who were receiving treatment with growth hormone (GH), according to their diagnosis. Methods. Retrospective study of SGA patients seen between 2004 and 2021. Results. A total of 89 SGA children were studied; 44/89 started treatment with GH (11/44 LBW, 8/44 SBL, and 25/44 both). Their mean age at diagnosis was 3.87 years; their mean height at treatment initiation was -2.99 SD in SGA children diagnosed by LBW, -2.85 SD in those with SBL, and -3.17 SD in those with both LBW and SBL. Their final height was -1.77, -1.52, and -1.23 SD, respectively, with a total gain of 1.22, 1.33, and 1.93 SD, respectively, thus reaching their target height with a difference of 0.36 ± 0.08 SD. Conclusion. Less than half of SGA children referred to the clinic required treatment with GH because they were not yet 4 years old or had not completed their catch-up growth. SGA patients according to birth weight and length had worse percentiles at diagnosis and a greater response to GH.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Body Height , Human Growth Hormone/therapeutic use , Growth Hormone , Retrospective Studies , Gestational Age
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 764-768, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514307

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The purpose of this research is to determine a regression equation for estimation of stature from forearm length measurements. This research was carried out on 1200 subjects (604 male and 596 female) among the population of Montenegrin adolescents. The stature and forearm length measurements were taken according to the ISAK protocol, and the data were analyzed statistically. Linear regression analysis determined the prediction of forearm length on the criterion variable a body height at the significance level of p <0.05. These relations are presented in the form of scatter diagram. Thereby, we obtained the coefficient of determination, the multiple correlation coefficients, the partial correlation coefficient, the regression, t-test and standardized beta coefficient. The results of this research study confirmed that forearm length reliably predicts stature in both sexes of Montenegrin adolescents and revealed a very useful finding for physical anthropologists and experts from related fields. It was confirmed that there is a correlation between forearm length and body height (males: 31.9 %, females: 33.3 %).


El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar una ecuación de regresión para la estimación de la estatura a partir de medidas de la longitud del antebrazo. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en 1200 sujetos (604 hombres y 596 mujeres) entre la población de adolescentes montenegrinos. Las medidas de estatura y longitud del antebrazo se tomaron de acuerdo con el protocolo ISAK y los datos se analizaron estadísticamente. El análisis de regresión lineal determinó la predicción de la longitud del antebrazo en la variable de criterio una altura del cuerpo en el nivel de significación de p <0,05. Estas relaciones se presentan en forma de diagrama de dispersión. De tal manera obtuvimos el coeficiente de determinación, los coeficientes de correlación múltiple, el coeficiente de correlación parcial, la regresión, la prueba t y el coeficiente beta estandarizado. Los resultados de este estudio confirmaron que la longitud del antebrazo predice de manera confiable la estatura en adolescentes montenegrinos de ambos sexos y reveló un hallazgo muy útil para los antropólogos físicos y expertos en áreas relacionadas. Se confirmó que existe una correlación entre la longitud del antebrazo y la altura del cuerpo (hombres: 31,9 %, mujeres: 33,3 %).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Body Height , Forearm/anatomy & histology , Linear Models , Anthropometry , Montenegro
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 985-995, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514316

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Stature estimation is one of the essential procedures for personal identification in forensic osteology. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to analyze the correlation between length and width of metatarsal measurements and stature, and to develop the regression equations for a Thai population. In this study, the samples were divided into two groups. The first group was called the "training group" for generating stature estimation equations, comprised of 200 skeletons, aged between 19-94 years. The second group was called the "test group" for evaluating the accuracy of generated equations, comprising 40 skeletons. The correlation between metatarsal parameters and stature were moderate to high, and all variables had positive significant correlation with stature. For males, the left ML2 is the length variable that showed the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.702), and the left MSW4 is the width variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.483). For females, right ML1 is the length variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.632), and right PW3 is the width stature that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.481). For all samples, left ML1 was the length variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.796) and right PW3 was the width variable that had the most correlation degree against stature (r=0.712). The results of generating multiple regression equations using a stepwise method reveals that the correlation coefficient (R) and standard error of estimate (SEE) were 0.761 and 4.96 cm, respectively, for males, and 0.752 and 4.93 cm for females, with 0.841 and 5.26 cm for all samples, respectively. According to these results, the mean of absolute error from the test group ranged from 3 to 5 cm. Therefore, stature estimation equations using length and width of metatarsals from our study can be applied to estimate stature in the Thai population.


La estimación de la estatura es uno de los procedimientos esenciales para la identificación personal en osteología forense. Por lo tanto, los propósitos de este estudio fueron analizar la correlación entre la longitud y el ancho de las medidas metatarsianas y la estatura, y desarrollar las ecuaciones de regresión para una población tailandesa. Las muestras se dividieron en dos grupos. El primer grupo se denominó "grupo de entrenamiento" para generar ecuaciones de estimación de estatura, compuesto por 200 esqueletos, con edades comprendidas entre los 19 y los 94 años. El segundo grupo se denominó "grupo de prueba" para evaluar la precisión de las ecuaciones generadas, que comprende 40 esqueletos. La correlación entre los parámetros metatarsianos y la estatura fue de moderada a alta, y todas las variables tuvieron una correlación significativa positiva con la estatura. Para el sexo masculino, la variable longitud ML2 izquierda es la que mayor grado de correlación presentó con la estatura (r=0,702), y la izquierda MSW4 fue la variable ancho la que mayor grado de correlación presentó con la estatura (r=0,483). Para el sexo femenino, ML1 derecho fue la variable longitud que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,632), y PW3 derecha fue la variable ancho estatura que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,481). Para todas las muestras, ML1 izquierdo fue la variable longitud que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,796) y PW3 derecha fue la variable ancho que tuvo mayor grado de correlación con la estatura (r=0,712). Los resultados de generar ecuaciones de regresión múltiple usando un método paso a paso revela que el coeficiente de correlación (R) y el error estándar de estimación (SEE) fueron 0,761 y 4,96 cm, respectivamente, para los hombres y 0,752 y 4,93 cm para las mujeres, con 0,841 y 5,26 cm para todas las muestras, respectivamente. De acuerdo con estos resultados, la media del error absoluto del grupo de prueba osciló entre 3 y 5 cm. Por lo tanto, las ecuaciones de estimación de la estatura que utilizan la longitud y el ancho de los metatarsianos de nuestro estudio se pueden aplicar para estimar la estatura en la población tailandesa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Body Height , Metatarsal Bones/anatomy & histology , Forensic Anthropology , Thailand , Regression Analysis , Osteology
9.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 121(2): e202202672, abr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1418336

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) recomienda el uso de tablas de referencia para monitorear el crecimiento y estado nutricional de niños, niñas y adolescentes. El peso corporal, la talla y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) son las variables más utilizadas. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivos estimar los percentiles de peso, talla e IMC de escolares (2009-2011) residentes en el departamento San Rafael (Mendoza) y compararlos con la referencia internacional de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, a fin de establecer su pertinencia para la evaluación del crecimiento y estado nutricional de dicha población. Población y métodos. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico transversal en 3448 escolares de entre 4,00 y 13,49 años de edad. Se utilizó el programa LMS ChartMarker Pro para calcular los valores percentilares de peso/edad, talla/edad e IMC/edad, por sexo y edad, y se compararon con las curvas de la OMS. Además, se calcularon diferencias porcentuales (D%) para estimar las diferencias y su significación estadística mediante prueba de Wilcoxon. Resultados. La población de San Rafael mostró, en varones y mujeres, valores percentilares superiores de peso e IMC (D% ≈7 % y 9 %, respectivamente), y menores de talla (D% ≈0,8 %) que los de la OMS (p <0,05). Conclusión. Las diferencias encontradas alertan sobre el empleo de la referencia OMS en la población escolar de San Rafael, ya que sobreestimaría las prevalencias de sobrepeso, obesidad y desnutrición crónica, y subestimaría la de desnutrición aguda y global. Esta situación resalta la importancia de contar con una referencia local.


Introduction. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of reference tables to monitor the growth pattern and nutritional status of children and adolescents. Body mass index (BMI), weight, and height are the most commonly used variables. The objective of this study was to estimate the BMI, weight, and height percentiles for school-aged children (2009-2011) living in the department of San Rafael (Mendoza) and compare them to the international World Health Organization reference to establish their relevance for the evaluation of the growth pattern and nutritional status of this population. Population and methods. A cross-sectional anthropometric study was conducted in 3448 school-aged children aged 4.00 to 13.49 years. The LMS ChartMarker Pro software was used to estimate the BMI- for-age, weight-for-age, and height-for-age percentiles, by sex and age, and they were compared with the WHO curves. Besides, percentage differences (%D) were calculated to estimate the differences and their statistical significance using the Wilcoxon test. Results. The population of boys and girls in San Rafael showed higher weight and BMI (%D ≈ 7% and 9%, respectively) percentiles, and lower height (%D ≈ 0.8%) values than WHO reference (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The differences found warn about the use of the WHO reference in the school-aged population of San Rafael since it would overestimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and chronic malnutrition and underestimate the prevalence of acute and global malnutrition. This situation highlights the importance of having a local reference resource


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Body Height , Malnutrition , Reference Values , World Health Organization , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Overweight/epidemiology
10.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1416861

ABSTRACT

Nos últimos anos a população brasileira apresenta um aumento expressivo de indivíduos com excesso de peso e redução na prevalência de desnutrição. O Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) permite o monitoramento de dados antropométricos e marcadores de consumo alimentar dos usuários da Atenção Primária do Sistema Único de Saúde de todas as fases da vida. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de magreza, excesso de peso e déficit de estatura de escolares de 5 a 9 anos no estado de Goiás e regionais de saúde (RS). Métodos: Trata-se de estudo ecológico descritivo, realizado a partir de dados secundários registrados no SISVAN nos últimos 5 anos. A avaliação antropométrica foi realizada a partir dos indicadores estatura por idade e índice de massa corporal por idade. Resultados: Observou-se baixa prevalência de magreza (5,7%) e déficit de estatura (6,1%) e alta prevalência de excesso de peso (34,8%) entre as crianças avaliadas, sendo maior na RS Entorno Norte, nos dois primeiros parâmetros, e na RS Rio Vermelho, no último parâmetro. Com relação à evolução das prevalências nos últimos cinco anos, observou-se aumento do excesso de peso. Conclusão: Destacou-se o crescente aumento no excesso de peso em escolares de 5 a 9 anos, indicando a importância do monitoramento dos dados de estado nutricional, bem como a atenção para o desenvolvimento de ações voltadas para a reversão do cenário encontrado


In recent years, the Brazilian population has shown a significant increase in overweight individuals and a reduction in the prevalence of malnutrition. The Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) allows the monitoring of anthropometric data and food consumption markers of users of Primary Care of the Unified Health System of all stages of life. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of thinness, excess weight and short stature in schoolchildren aged 5 to 9 years in the state of Goiás and regional health centers (RS). Methods: This is an descriptive ecological study, based on secondary data recorded in SISVAN in the last 5 years. Anthropometric assessment was performed using height-for-age and body mass index-for-age indicators. Results: There was a low prevalence of thinness (5.7%) and short stature (6.1%) and a high prevalence of overweight (34.8%) among the children evaluated, being higher in RS Entorno Norte in the first two parameters and in the RS Rio Vermelho in the last parameter. Regarding the evolution of prevalence in the last five years, an increase in excess weight was observed. Conclusion: The growing increase in overweight in schoolchildren aged 5 to 9 years was highlighted, indicating the importance of monitoring nutritional status data, as well as attention to the development of actions aimed at reversing the scenario found


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Nutritional Status , Pediatric Obesity , Thinness , Regional Health Strategies , Body Height , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Ecological Studies , Overweight
11.
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics ; (12): 425-433, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-985886

ABSTRACT

Objective: To establish the reference values and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight among Chinese newborns in order to provide a reference for the assessment of body proportionality at birth. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied. A total of 24 375 singleton live birth newborns with gestational ages at birth of 24+0 to 42+6 weeks were recruited from June 2015 to November 2018 from 13 cities including Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Kunming, Tianjin, Shenyang, Changsha, and Shenzhen, excluding those with maternal or newborn conditions that may impact the establishment of the reference values. The generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape was employed to establish reference values in terms of percentile and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight for male and female newborns. The random forest machine learning method was employed to analyze the importance of variables between the established reference values in this study and the previous published weight/length, body mass index (BMI), ponderal index (PI), weight/head circumference, length/head circumference in the assessment of symmetrical and asymmetrical small for gestational age (SGA) newborns. Results: A total of 24 375 newborns with 13 197 male infants (preterm birth 7 042 infants and term birth 6 155 infants) and 11 178 female infants (preterm birth 5 222 infants and term birth 5 956 infants) were included in this study. The reference values in terms of percentile (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P97) and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight were obtained for male and female newborns with gestational ages of 24+0 to 42+6 weeks. The median birth lengths corresponding to the birth weights of 1 500, 2 500, 3 000, and 4 000 g were 40.4, 47.0, 49.3 and 52.1 cm for males and 40.4, 47.0, 49.2, and 51.8 cm for females, respectively; the median birth head circumferences were 28.4, 32.0, 33.2 and 35.2 cm for males and 28.4, 32.0, 33.1, and 35.1 cm for females, respectively. The differences of length for weight between males and females were minimum, with the difference range of -0.3 to 0.3 cm at P50; the differences of head circumference for weight between males and females were minimum, with the difference range of 0 to 0.2 cm at P50. Based on the match between birth length and birth weight for classifying symmetrical and asymmetrical SGA, length for weight and PI contributed the most, accounting for 0.32 and 0.25, respectively; based on the match between birth head circumference and birth weight, head circumference for weight and weight/head circumference contributed the most, accounting for 0.55 and 0.12, respectively; based on the match between birth length or head circumference with birth weight, head circumference for weight and length for weight contributed the most, accounting for 0.26 and 0.21, respectively. Conclusion: The establishment of the new standardized growth reference values and growth curves of length for weight and head circumference for weight among Chinese newborns are useful for clinical practice and scientific research.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Birth Weight , Body Height , China , Cross-Sectional Studies , East Asian People , Fetal Growth Retardation , Gestational Age , Premature Birth , Reference Values
12.
Braz. J. Anesth. (Impr.) ; 72(6): 742-748, Nov.-Dec. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420617

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives Several anthropometric measurements have been suggested to identify a potentially difficult airway. We studied thyromental height (TMH) as a predictor of difficult laryngoscopy and difficult intubation. We also compared TMH, ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD), and thyromental distance (TMD) as predictors of difficult airway. Methods This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 300 adult surgical patients requiring tracheal intubation. Preoperatively airway characteristics were assessed. Standard anesthesia was administered. Degree of difficulty with mask ventilation, laryngoscopic view, duration of laryngoscopy, and difficulty in tracheal intubation (intubation difficulty scale score) were noted. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors for difficult laryngoscopy. Results Laryngoscopy was difficult in 46 of 300 (15.3%) patients; all 46 patients had Cormack-Lehane grade 3 view. Duration of laryngoscopy was 27 ± 11 s in patients with difficult laryngoscopy and 12.7 ± 3.9 s in easy laryngoscopy; p= 0.001. Multivariate analysis identified that TMH, presence of short neck, and history of snoring were independently associated with difficult laryngoscopy. Incidence of difficult intubation was 17.0%. A shorter TMH was associated with higher IDS scores; r = -0.16, p= 0.001. TMH and duration of laryngoscopy were found to be negatively correlated; a shorter TMH was associated with a longer duration of laryngoscopy; r = -0.13, p= 0.03. The cut-off threshold value for TMH in our study is 4.4 cm with a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 54%. Conclusion Thyromental height predicts difficult laryngoscopy and difficult intubation. TMD and RHTMD did not prove to be useful as predictors of difficult airway.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Anesthesia , Laryngoscopy , Body Height , Cross-Sectional Studies , Intubation, Intratracheal
13.
Cienc. act. fis. (Talca, En linea) ; 23(2): 1-15, dez. 2022. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421092

ABSTRACT

La antropometría, potencia, velocidad y agilidad son factores relacionados con el rendimiento en el fútbol. Sin embargo, la relación entre las medidas antropométricas y las capacidades físicas se pueden evaluar. El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la correlación entre antropometría, potencia, velocidad y agilidad. Participaron 17 futbolistas semiprofesionales categoría sub 15, (peso corporal: 60,64 ± 5.78 kg; estatura: 1,72 ± 0,06 m; edad: 15,53 ± 0,50 años). Se correlacionó la antropometría y agilidad con el salto vertical, asimismo, la agilidad con la velocidad mediante Coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, p = 0,05. Los resultados indican que no existe significancia entre perímetro del muslo (r = 0,16; p = 0,24), peso corporal (r = 0,30; p = 0,15), estatura, (r = 0,36; p = 0,51), largo de extremidad inferior (r = 0,34; p = 0,17), salto vertical-agilidad (r = 0,16; p = 0,52), velocidad en línea recta 20m-agilidad (r = 0,25; p = 0,33). Se concluye que no existe significancia entre las variables de antropometría, potencia, velocidad y agilidad en los futbolistas semiprofesionales categoría sub 15 del equipo de la liga profesional de la primera división de Venezuela, estudiantes de Mérida Fútbol Club.


Anthropometry, power, speed, and agility are factors related to performance in soccer. However, the relationship between anthropometric measurements and physical abilities can be evaluated. The objective of this study was to estimate the correlation between anthropometry, power, speed, and agility. Seventeen semi-professional U15 category soccer players participated (body weight: 60.64 ± 5.78 kg, height: 1.72 ± 0.06 m, age: 15.53 ± 0.50 years). Anthropometry and agility were correlated with vertical jump; agility was also correlated with speed by Pearson, p = 0.05. The results indicate that there is no significance between thigh circumference (r= 0.16; p= 0.24), body weight (r= 0.30; p= 0.15), height (r= 0.36; p= 0.51), lower extremity length (r= 0.34; p= 0.17), vertical jump-agility (r= 0.16; p= 0.52), and straight-line speed 20m-agility (r= 0.25; p= 0.33). It is concluded that there is no significance between the variables of anthropometry, power, speed, and agility in semi-professional soccer players in the under 15 category from the professional league of the first division of Venezuela; students from the Mérida Soccer Club.


Antropometria, potência, velocidade e agilidade são factores relacionados com o desempenho no futebol. Contudo, a relação entre as medidas antropométricas e as capacidades físicas pode ser avaliada. O objectivo era estimar a correlação entre antropometria, potência, velocidade e agilidade. Participaram dezassete jogadores de futebol semi-profissionais, categoria sub-15 (peso corporal. 60,64 ± 5,78 kg, altura 1,72 ± 0,06 m, idade 15,53 ± 0,50 anos). A antropometria e a agilidade foram correlacionadas com o salto vertical, e a agilidade foi correlacionada com a velocidade por Pearson, p = 0,05. Os resultados indicam que não há significado entre a circunferência da coxa (r= 0,16; p= 0,24), peso corporal (r= 0,30; p= 0,15), altura, (r= 0,36; p= 0,51), comprimento dos membros inferiores (r= 0,34; p= 0,17), agilidade de salto vertical (r= 0,16; p= 0,52), velocidade de linha recta 20m-agilidade (r= 0,25; p= 0,33). Conclui-se que não há significado entre as variáveis de antropometria, potência, velocidade e agilidade nos jogadores de futebol semi-profissionais com menos de 15 categorias da equipa da liga profissional da primeira divisão da Venezuela, estudantes do clube de futebol de Mérida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Exercise , Anthropometry , Physical Fitness , Venezuela , Body Height , Body Weight
14.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 120(6): 405-414, dic. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1398281

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El sobrecrecimiento lateral aislado (SLA), antes denominado hemihiperplasia/ hemihipertrofia, se refiere al sobrecrecimiento corporal lateral en ausencia de un patrón reconocible de malformaciones o síndromes genéticos. El objetivo fue analizar el crecimiento y las características clínico-radiológicas de pacientes con SLA en seguimiento en un hospital de tercer nivel en Argentina entre 1993 y 2020. Población y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, de una cohorte de pacientes con SLA. Resultados. Se incluyeron 76 casos, 41 varones. Mediana de años de seguimiento: 5,85 (rango intercuartílico [RIC] 2,60-10,96), máximo 15,76 años. Cuarenta y ocho de 76 pacientes presentaron sobrecrecimiento en más de un segmento corporal (SLA complejo). El puntaje Z promedio de peso al nacer de niñas de término con SLA complejo fue +0,51 (desviación estándar [DE] 0,91) (p 0,022). El crecimiento en estatura de la mayoría de los niños se ubicó entre los centilos 50 y 97 de la población de referencia. La mediana de asimetría de longitud de miembros inferiores fue 1,5 cm (RIC 1,01-2,2) en pacientes con tratamiento médico y 3,70 cm (RIC 2,953,98 cm) en aquellos que requiriero epifisiodesis. El 75 % mostró una progresión de la asimetría menor o igual a 2 cm. Ocho casos presentaron asimetría renal mayor o igual a 1 cm; 2 casos presentaron nefroblastoma: edad promedio al diagnóstico 0,75 años. Conclusiones. El crecimiento prenatal de niños con SLA es normal, excepto en niñas con SLA complejo en quienes tiende a estar aumentado. La estatura promedio se ubica en centilos altos con crecimiento normal. Se recomienda realizar cribado de tumores embrionarios en este grupo de niños.


Introduction. Isolated lateralized overgrowth (ILO), formerly referred to as hemihyperplasia/hemihypertrophy, is the overgrowth of one-half of the body to its contralateral in the absence of a recognizable pattern of malformations or genetic syndromes. Our objective was to analyze the growth clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with ILO under follow-up in a tertiary care hospital in Argentina between 1993 and 2020. Population and methods. Retrospective, observational, single cohort study of patients with ILO. Results. A total of 76 cases were included; 41 were males. Median years of follow-up: 5.85 (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.60­10.96), maximum: 15.76 years. Forty-eight of 76 patients had overgrowth compromising more than 1 body segment (complex ILO). The mean birth weight Z-score of term girls with complex ILO was +0.51 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.91) (p 0.022). Most children grew between the 50th and 97th centile of the Argentinian population height reference. The median leg length discrepancy was 1.5 cm (IQR: 1.01­2.2) in patients receiving medical treatment and 3.70 cm (IQR: 2.95­3.98 cm) in those who required epiphysiodesis. Progression of discrepancy ≤ 2 cm was observed in 75% of cases. Renal asymmetry ≥ 1 cm was observed in 8 cases; Wilms tumor was noted in 2 cases: mean age at diagnosis: 0.75 years. Conclusions. Prenatal growth of children with ILO is normal, except in girls with complex ILO, in whom it tends to be increased. The average height of boys and girls tends to be located in high centiles with normal growth over time. Embryonal tumor screening is recommended in this group of children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Wilms Tumor , Kidney Neoplasms , Body Height , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Hypertrophy
15.
Actual. osteol ; 18(2): 75-81, oct. 2022. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1437673

ABSTRACT

Para la evaluación longitudinal de la composición corporal por DXA se deben calcular los cambios mínimos significativos (CMS). No está claro si hay diferencias de género para los CMS de adultos. Con consentimiento informado se realizaron 2 escaneos DXA de cuerpo completo consecutivos, con reposicionamiento entre ellos, en 40 varones y 40 mujeres (rango de edad de 22 a 85 años), con un equipo GE Lunar Prodigy Advance®, siguiendo las pautas de la International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD). Todos los escaneos fueron obtenidos por la misma técnica experta. Los CMS se calcularon de acuerdo con el método propuesto por la ISCD. Los resultados se analizaron con GraphPad® para Windows 6.0, con una significancia fijada en p < 0,05. No hubo diferencias de género para la edad (p = 0,846) o el índice de masa corporal (p = 0,802). La altura, la masa corporal, la masa magra y el contenido mineral óseo (CMO) fueron mayores en los varones (todos p < 0,0001), mientras que la masa grasa fue mayor en las mujeres (p = 0,0036). No hubo diferencias significativas entre géneros para los coeficientes de variación de masa grasa (p = 0,0698), masa magra (p = 0,1483) o CMO (p = 0,5254). Los CMS (para IC de 95%) para la masa grasa fueron 1,780 kg (varones), 1,671 kg (mujeres) y 1,727 kg (ambos sexos); para masa magra, 1,658 kg (varones), 1,644 kg (mujeres) y 1,651 (ambos sexos); y para CMO, 112,2 g (varones), 109,4 (mujeres) y 110,8 g (ambos sexos). Los resultados sugieren que los CMS para la composición corporal de su-jetos adultos pueden calcularse a partir de una muestra de cualquier género o una que incluya sujetos de ambos sexos. (AU)


Lack of gender-related differences in least significant changes for DXA body composition analysis in adult subjectsFor longitudinal assessment of body composition by DXA, least significant changes (LSCs) should be calculated. It is unclear if there are gender differences for adult LSCs. With informed consent, 2 consecutive total-body DXA scans, with repositioning between them, were performed on 40 males and 40 females (age range 22 to 85 years) with a GE Lunar Prodigy Advance scanner, following the guidelines of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD). All scans were obtained by the same skilled technologist. The LSCs were calculated according to the method proposed by the ISCD. Results were analyzed with GraphPad for Windows 6.0, with significance set at p < 0.05. There were no gender differences for age (p = 0.846) or body mass index (p = 0.802). Height, body mass, lean mass, and bone mineral content (BMC) were higher in males (all p < 0.0001), whereas fat mass was higher in females (p = 0.0036). There was no significant difference between genders for the coefficients of variation of fat mass (p = 0.0698), lean mass (p = 0.1483), or BMC (p = 0.5254). The LSCs (for a 95% CI) for fat mass were 1.780 kg (men), 1.671 kg (women), and 1.727 kg (both genders); for lean mass, 1.658 kg (men), 1.644 kg (women) and 1,651 (both genders); and for BMC, 112.2 g (men), 109.4 (women), and 110.8 g (both genders). These results suggest that LSCs for body composition of adult subjects can be calculated from either a sample of each gender or one that includes subjects of both genders. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Body Composition , Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone Density , Sex Factors , Reference Values , Body Height , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Anthropometry , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Age Factors , Adiposity
16.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 72(1): 43-49, mar. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1368367

ABSTRACT

Lifestyle, psychological well-being, and body mass index of indigenous women. Introduction. Obesity is more common in women and has also been found to be present in indigenous populations. During university studies, obesity-related lifestyles are in the process of consolidation, and although this is known, research is limited to addressing physical activity and diet, ignoring other lifestyle components, such as life appreciation. Additionally, there is a need to corroborate whether psychological well-being contributes to excess weight in indigenous women. Objective. To determine whether there is an association between lifestyle, psychological well-being, and body mass index (BMI) in indigenous women. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 female Zapotec university students in Juchitán, Oaxaca, Mexico. The Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Healthy Lifestyle Scale for University Students, and a questionnaire about personal data were used. Body weight and height were measured to calculate BMI. Results. There was a negative correlation between BMI, self-acceptance (r = -0.33; p < 0.01), and life appreciation (r = -0.22; p < 0.05). Positive correlations were found between lifestyle and psychological well-being dimensions, with the strongest correlations being observed between life appreciation and purpose in life (r = 0.55) and self-acceptance (r = 0.48). The multivariable models determined that life appreciation and self-acceptance are associated with BMI. Conclusion. Life appreciation and self-acceptance are predictors of BMI and are even more strongly associated than exercise and nutrition behaviors(AU)


La obesidad es más frecuente en mujeres, aún en poblaciones indígenas. Durante los estudios universitarios, los estilos de vida relacionados con la obesidad se encuentran en proceso de consolidación, y aunque esto es conocido, las investigaciones se limitan a abordar la actividad física y la dieta, ignorando otros componentes del estilo de vida, como la apreciación por la vida. Adicionalmente, es necesario corroborar si el bienestar psicológico contribuye al exceso de peso en mujeres indígenas. Objetivo. Determinar si existe asociación entre los estilos de vida, el bienestar psicológico y el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) en mujeres indígenas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 110 mujeres zapotecas estudiantes universitarias en Juchitán, Oaxaca, México. Se utilizó la escala de bienestar psicológico, la escala de estilos de vida saludables para estudiantes universitarias y un cuestionario sobre datos personales. Se midió el peso corporal y la estatura para calcular el IMC. Resultados. Hubo correlación negativa entre el IMC, la autoaceptación (r=-0,33; p<0,01) y la apreciación por la vida (r=-0,22; p<0,05). Se encontraron correlaciones entre las dimensiones de estilos de vida y las dimensiones de bienestar psicológico: las correlaciones más fuertes se observaron entre apreciación por la vida y propósito en la vida (r 0 0.55) y autoaceptación (r = 0.48). La apreciación por la vida y la autoaceptación son factores predictores del IMC. Conclusión. La apreciación por la vida y la autoaceptación son predictores del IMC, incluso más fuertemente asociados que el ejercicio físico y la alimentación(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Indigenous Peoples , Life Style , Obesity , Students , Universities , Body Height , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Mexico
17.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 314-318, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984122

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the influencing factors of the horizontal distance of bodies in the high falling scene and the feasibility of inferring the falling mode based on it.@*METHODS@#A total of 614 high falling deaths and 15 cases of corpse dumping from high altitudes were collected. The relationship between the horizontal distance and the falling height, as well as the sex, age and manner of death (suicide, accident and corpse dumping) were observed.@*RESULTS@#The horizontal distance increased with the increase of falling height, and the difference among the height groups was statistically significant. The horizontal distance decreased with the increase of the age of the deceased, in each height group, the difference between the group over 60 years old and other age groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The horizontal distance of male deceased was (1.99±0.27) m, which was greater than that of female deceased (1.88±0.19) m, and the difference was statistically significant in partial height groups (P<0.05). Roof falls had a greater horizontal movement distance than window falls. Except for the >20-30 m group, there was no significant difference in horizontal distance between suicide high falls and accidental high falls in other height groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The horizontal distance is affected by the falling height, the sex and age of the victim, and the spatial characteristics of the falling starting point.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Body Height , Cadaver , Homicide , Suicide
18.
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ; (12): 261-265, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-928597

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the effect of glucocorticoid therapy on the growth and development of children with bronchiolitis.@*METHODS@#A total of 143 children with bronchiolitis who were treated with glucocorticoids from February 2017 to March 2018 were enrolled. The medical data were retrospectively collected, including height, weight, course of the disease, and diagnosis and treatment plan at initial admission. After three years of treatment, physical development indices were measured, growth and development were evaluated by Z-score, and related hematological parameters were measured, including osteocalcin, serum phosphorus, and insulin-like growth factor-1.@*RESULTS@#As for the children with bronchiolitis, the incidence rates of growth retardation and obesity increased significantly after three years of glucocorticoid therapy (P<0.05). The children treated with glucocorticoids for ≥29 days showed a significantly higher incidence rate of obesity than those treated with glucocorticoids for <29 days (P<0.05), while nebulized glucocorticoid treatment had no effect on the growth and development (P>0.05). Compared with the children with growth retardation, the children with normal development had significantly higher levels of serum phosphorus and insulin-like growth factor-1 (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Glucocorticoid therapy can adversely affect long-term growth and development in children with bronchiolitis.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Body Height , Bronchiolitis/drug therapy , Glucocorticoids/adverse effects , Hospitalization , Retrospective Studies
19.
Rev. bras. estud. popul ; 39: e0189, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365654

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do artigo é analisar o efeito da compra direta de alimentos da agricultura familiar para alimentação escolar sobre o déficit de estatura em crianças menores de cinco anos, entre 2013 e 2017, no Brasil. O método utilizado é o estudo ecológico e longitudinal, em que a coleta de dados ocorreu em diferentes bancos de dados. A análise foi realizada por meio do teste t para amostras independentes, a fim de comparar as médias entre as variáveis déficit de estatura e compras da agricultura familiar. Além disso, uma análise multivariável foi feita por meio da regressão linear múltipla. Verificou-se uma diferença de médias na prevalência do déficit de estatura significativa entre os municípios que compraram menos de 30% e aqueles que adquiriram 30% ou mais de alimentos da agricultura familiar para alimentação escolar, com 1,47 pontos de diferença. O modelo de regressão linear mostrou que a cada ponto percentual de aumento na compra de alimentos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar pelo município, haverá, em média, uma diminuição 0,55 pontos na prevalência do déficit de estatura, independentemente das demais variáveis. Assim, conclui-se que a compra de alimentos da agricultura familiar para alimentação escolar no Brasil pode contribuir para a redução da prevalência do déficit de estatura em crianças menores de cinco anos.


The objective of this work is to analyze the effect of direct purchase of food from family farms for school meals on the deficit of stature in children under 5 years of age between 2013 and 2017 in Brazil. Method: Ecological and longitudinal study in which data collection occurred in different databases. The analysis was performed using the t-test for independent samples in order to compare the means between the variables stature deficit and purchases from family agriculture. In addition, a multivariable analysis was conducted through multiple linear regression. Results: There was a difference in means in the prevalence of significant stature deficit between the municipalities that bought < 30% and ≥30% of food from family farms for school feeding, with 1.47 points of difference. The linear regression model showed that for each percentage point of increase in the purchase of food from family farms for school feeding by the municipality, there will be on average a decrease of 0.55 points in the prevalence of stature deficit, independent of the other variables. Conclusion: the purchase of food from family agriculture for school feeding in Brazil may contribute to the reduction of the prevalence of stature deficit in children under five years old.


Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de la compra directa de alimentos de las granjas familiares para la alimentación escolar en el déficit de estatura de los niños menores de cinco años entre 2013 y 2017 en Brasil. Método: Estudio ecológico y longitudinal en el que se recogieron datos en diferentes bases de datos. El análisis se llevó a cabo mediante la prueba t para muestras independientes con el fin de comparar las medias entre las variables déficit de estatura y compras de la agricultura familiar. Además, se hizo un análisis multivariable a través de una regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: Se produjo una diferencia de medias en la prevalencia del déficit de estatura significativo entre los municipios que compraron < 30% y ≥ 30% de los alimentos de las granjas familiares para la alimentación escolar, con 1,47 puntos de diferencia. El modelo de regresión lineal mostró que por cada punto porcentual de aumento en la compra de alimentos de las granjas familiares para la alimentación escolar por parte del municipio, habrá, en promedio, una disminución de 0,55 puntos en la prevalencia del déficit de estatura, independientemente de las demás variables. Conclusión: la compra de alimentos de las granjas familiares para la alimentación escolar en el Brasil puede contribuir a reducir la prevalencia del déficit de estatura en los niños menores de cinco años.


Subject(s)
Humans , School Feeding , Brazil , Child Nutrition Disorders , Agriculture , Food Supply , Body Height , Linear Models , Child Nutrition
20.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 38(7): e00277321, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1384276

ABSTRACT

This study aims to describe the mean height of adolescents from the five regions of Brazil and to evaluate socioeconomic and nutritional factors associated with normal growth. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Brazilian urban and rural areas with students aged 12 to 17 years (n = 71,553). Anthropometry, socioeconomic variables, physical activity, and diet were evaluated. Height-for-age z-scores were calculated and multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the association of exposure variables with height (outcome) by sex and age (12-13, 14-15, and 16-17 years). We observed a lower mean height in adolescents from the North Region and in individuals with low socioeconomic status. At 17 years of age, the closest to the final height in this sample, mean heights for girls and boys were 160.9 ± 0.1cm and 173.7 ± 0.3cm, respectively. In multiple linear regression analysis, physical activity (girls β = 0.119, 95%CI: 0.035; 0.202; boys β = 0.092, 95%CI: 0.012; 0.172) and high level of maternal education (girls β = 0.103, 95%CI: 0.001; 0.204; boys β = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.245; 0.534) were positively associated with height-for-age z-score in 16- to 17-year-old boys and girls. Other factors positively associated with height-for-age z-score in older students include higher protein consumption (β = 0.022, 95%CI: 0.010; 0.035) and obesity (β = 0.217, 95%CI: 0.084; 0.350) for boys, and low weight (β = 0.205, 95%CI: 0.028, 0.382) for girls. We observed differences in the mean height among adolescents from the five Brazilian regions. Normal growth, especially among older adolescents, was associated with high maternal education, practice of physical activity, protein consumption, and body mass index (BMI) categories.


Buscou-se descrever a altura média dos adolescentes das cinco regiões do Brasil e avaliar os fatores socioeconômicos e nutricionais que estejam associados ao seu crescimento normal. Este é um estudo transversal realizado em ambientes urbanos e rurais no Brasil com estudantes de 12 a 17 anos (n = 71.553). Avaliamos antropometria, variáveis socioeconômicas, atividade física e dieta. Calculou-se os escores-z por idade e investigou-se a associação das variáveis de exposição com altura (desfecho) por sexo e idade (12-13, 14-15 e 16-17 anos) através de múltiplos modelos de regressão linear. Observou-se menor altura média em adolescentes da região Norte e em baixos níveis socioeconômicos. Aos 17 anos, o mais próximo da altura final nesta amostra, as alturas médias para meninas e meninos foram de 160,9 ± 0,1cm e 173,7 ± 0,3cm, respectivamente. Na análise de regressão linear múltipla, atividade física (meninas β = 0,119, IC95%: 0,035; 0,202; meninos β = 0,092, IC95%: 0,012; 0,172) e Ensino Médio materno (meninas β = 0,103, IC95%: 0,201; 0,204; meninos β = 0,39, IC95%: 0,245; 0,534) estiveram positivamente associados ao escore-z de altura por idade em meninos e meninas de 16-17 anos. Maior consumo de proteína (β = 0,022, IC95%: 0,010; 0,035) e obesidade (β = 0,217, IC95%: 0,084; 0,350) estiveram positivamente associados ao escore-z de altura para a idade meninos mais velhos, enquanto a variável associada às meninas foi baixo peso (β = 0,205, IC95%: 0,028; 0,382). Observou-se diferenças na altura média de adolescentes das cinco regiões brasileiras. O crescimento normal, especialmente entre adolescentes mais velhos, esteve associado à escolaridade materna, à prática de atividade física, ao consumo de proteínas e às categorias de índice de massa corporal (IMC).


Los objetivos fueron describir la estatura media de los adolescentes de las cinco regiones de Brasil y evaluar los factores socioeconómicos y nutricionales asociados al crecimiento normal. Estudio transversal realizado en entornos urbanos y rurales de Brasil con estudiantes de 12 a 17 años (n = 71.553). Se evaluaron la antropometría, las variables socioeconómicas, la actividad física y la dieta. Se calculó la puntuación Z de la altura para la edad y se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal múltiple para investigar la asociación de las variables de exposición con la altura (resultado) por sexo y edad (12-13, 14-15 y 16-17 años). Se observó una estatura media más baja en los adolescentes de la región norte y en los de nivel socioeconómico bajo. A los 17 años, la edad más cercana a la estatura final en esta muestra, las estaturas medias de las chicas y los chicos eran de 160,9 ± 0,1cm y 173,7 ± 0,3cm, respectivamente. En el análisis de regresión lineal múltiple, la actividad física (chicas β = 0,119, IC95%: 0,035; 0,202; chicos β = 0,092, IC95%: 0,012; 0,172) y la madre con educación secundaria (chicas β = 0,103, IC95%: 0,001; 0,204; chicos β = 0,39, IC95%: 0,245; 0,534) se asociaron positivamente con la puntuación z de la altura para la edad en chicos y chicas de 16-17 años. En el caso de los chicos, el mayor consumo de proteínas (β = 0,022, IC95%: 0,010; 0,035) y la obesidad (β = 0,217, IC95%: 0,084; 0,350), mientras que, en el caso de las chicas, el bajo peso (β = 0,205, IC95%: 0,028; 0,382) también se asociaron positivamente con la puntuación z de la altura para la edad en los estudiantes mayores. Se observaron diferencias en la estatura media entre los adolescentes de las cinco regiones brasileñas. El crecimiento normal, especialmente entre los adolescentes de mayor edad, se asoció con la alta escolaridad de la madre, la práctica de actividad física, el consumo de proteínas y las categorías de índice de masa corporal (IMC).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Body Height , Brazil/epidemiology , Dietary Proteins , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Income
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL